Laparoscopy, also known as keyhole surgery or minimally invasive surgery, is a surgical procedure that allows doctors to examine the inside of the abdomen or pelvis using a thin, lighted tube with a camera (laparoscope) inserted through small incisions.

A C-section, or caesarean section, is a surgical procedure to deliver a baby by cutting through the mother's abdomen and uterus. It's a major operation that's usually only done when it's the safest option for the mother and baby. When a C-section are performed When a vaginal birth is too riskyWhen the baby is in the breech positionWhen the placenta is low-lyingWhen there's pregnancy-related high blood pressureWhen there are certain infectionsWhen the baby isn't getting enough oxygen and nutrientsWhen labor isn't progressingWhen there's excessive vaginal bleedingWhat happens during a C-section The mother lies on an operating tableA cut is made in the mother's abdomen and uterusThe baby is delivered through the openingThe mother's uterus is closed with stitchesThe cut in the mother's abdomen is closed with stitches or staplesRisks of a C-section Infection, Damage to internal organs, Increased risk of respiratory distress for the baby, and Complications with future pregnancies.

A normal delivery, also known as a vaginal delivery, is when a baby is born through the mother's birth canal without surgical intervention like a C-section. It's a natural process involving labor and pushing, and is generally considered the safest and most common type of childbirth. Here's a more detailed explanation:What it is:A normal delivery is the natural process of childbirth where the baby is born through the vagina, without the need for major surgery. How it works:The process involves the cervix opening (dilation) and thinning (effacement) during labor, followed by the baby moving through the birth canal and into the world. Stages of Labor:First Stage: Begins with the onset of regular contractions and ends when the cervix is fully dilated (10 cm). Second Stage: Involves the baby's descent and birth through the birth canal. Third Stage: Involves the delivery of the placenta.